An Assessment of the Challenges Faced by Older Adults in Accessing Healthcare in Rural Communities in Plateau State
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Background of the Study
Access to quality healthcare remains a significant challenge for older adults living in rural communities. In Plateau State, numerous barriers—including inadequate infrastructure, transportation difficulties, limited healthcare personnel, and socio-economic constraints—severely affect the elderly’s ability to receive timely and effective medical care (Adebayo, 2023). Rural areas in Plateau State are characterized by dispersed populations and underdeveloped road networks, which increase travel time and expenses for older individuals seeking medical services. Furthermore, cultural beliefs and low health literacy contribute to a lack of proactive healthcare-seeking behavior. Many older adults perceive illnesses as a normal part of aging, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment (Okeke, 2024).
In addition to infrastructural challenges, economic constraints, such as low incomes and high medical costs, further restrict access. The limited availability of specialized services means that chronic diseases and age-related conditions often go untreated or are poorly managed. Moreover, the scarcity of nearby healthcare facilities forces older adults to travel long distances, which is compounded by physical limitations and a lack of affordable transportation options. Community-based support systems and outreach programs exist but are often underfunded and unable to meet the extensive needs of this vulnerable group (Umar, 2025). The cumulative effect of these factors underscores the urgent need to assess and address the challenges that hinder healthcare access for older adults in rural Plateau State.
Statement of the Problem
Despite numerous governmental and non-governmental efforts, older adults in rural Plateau State continue to face significant challenges in accessing healthcare. The dearth of medical facilities, poor transportation infrastructure, and socio-economic limitations lead to delayed treatment, inadequate disease management, and an overall decline in quality of life. Many elderly individuals are forced to forgo regular health check-ups due to financial constraints or logistical barriers, resulting in the underdiagnosis of chronic conditions. Furthermore, cultural beliefs that normalize health deterioration with age exacerbate the situation, as older adults may not seek timely medical advice. This gap between available healthcare services and the actual needs of older adults is poorly documented, hindering the formulation of effective policy interventions (Bello, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
- To identify the key barriers that impede older adults’ access to healthcare in rural Plateau State.
- To evaluate the impact of infrastructural and socio-economic challenges on the health outcomes of the elderly.
- To propose recommendations for improving healthcare delivery and accessibility for older adults in these regions.
Research Questions
- What are the primary challenges faced by older adults in accessing healthcare in rural Plateau State?
- How do infrastructural and economic factors affect treatment-seeking behavior among older adults?
- What policy interventions could effectively improve healthcare access for this population?
Research Hypotheses
- Older adults in rural Plateau State experience significant delays in accessing healthcare due to inadequate transportation and medical facilities.
- Socio-economic constraints are significantly associated with lower healthcare utilization among older adults.
- Community-based interventions will significantly enhance access to healthcare services for older adults.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study targets older adults (aged 60 and above) residing in rural communities of Plateau State. Data will be gathered through surveys, focus group discussions, and interviews with healthcare providers. Limitations include potential self-report bias and variability in healthcare facility quality across regions.
Definitions of Terms
- Healthcare Access: The ability to obtain necessary medical services.
- Older Adults: Individuals aged 60 years and above.
- Rural Communities: Areas characterized by low population density and limited infrastructure.
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